Eye Conditions

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions in which the optic nerve is progressively damaged, usually due to raised pressure inside the eye. It is the leading cause of irreversible blin...

A cataract is a clouding of the natural crystalline lens inside the eye, causing vision to become progressively blurred, misty, or faded. Cataracts are the most common cause of tre...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of sight loss in the UK, affecting over 600,000 people. It damages the macula — the small central area of the retina res...

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2) in which high blood sugar levels damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina. It is one of the leading causes...

Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common eye conditions in the UK, affecting millions of people. It occurs when your eyes do not produce enough tears, or when the tears evaporate...

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva — the thin, transparent membrane that covers the white of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is extre...

Blepharitis is a chronic inflammation of the eyelid margins that causes sore, red, itchy, and crusty eyelids. It is one of the most common eye conditions managed by UK optometrists...

Astigmatism is a very common refractive error caused by an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, which prevents light from focusing evenly on the retina. Instead of being round like a...

Myopia, commonly known as short-sightedness, is a refractive error in which distant objects appear blurred while near objects remain clear. It is the most common refractive conditi...

Hyperopia, commonly known as long-sightedness or far-sightedness, is a refractive error in which nearby objects appear blurred while distant objects may initially remain clearer. I...

Presbyopia is the natural, age-related loss of the eye's ability to focus on close objects. It is not a disease but a universal part of ageing that affects virtually everyone, typi...

Floaters are small shapes — dots, threads, cobwebs, or rings — that drift across your field of vision. Flashes are brief sparks or streaks of light, usually in the edge of your vis...

Keratoconus is a progressive condition in which the cornea — the clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye — gradually thins and bulges outward into a cone shape. This distortion...

Colour blindness — more accurately called colour vision deficiency (CVD) — is a condition in which a person has difficulty distinguishing between certain colours. The most common f...

Strabismus, commonly known as a squint or crossed eyes, is a condition in which the eyes do not align properly — one eye may turn inward, outward, upward, or downward while the oth...