Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, affecting around 700,000 people in the UK. Because it typically develops slowly and without symptoms in its early stages, regular testing is essential for early detection and treatment.
A glaucoma assessment involves three key tests: tonometry (measuring the pressure inside your eyes), visual field testing (checking for blind spots in your peripheral vision), and examination of the optic nerve head (either directly or using an OCT scan). These tests are often included as part of a routine eye test, particularly for patients with risk factors.
You are at higher risk of glaucoma if you are aged 40 or over with a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) who has glaucoma, of African-Caribbean descent, over 60, very short-sighted, have diabetes, or use long-term steroid medications. If you fall into any of these groups, regular screening is particularly important.
If you are aged 40 or over and have a close relative with glaucoma, you are entitled to a free NHS eye test every year. This is one of the most important NHS entitlements to take advantage of, as early detection can preserve your sight. The NHS test includes all the necessary glaucoma screening checks.
A private glaucoma assessment, if needed, typically costs £30 to £60 and includes tonometry, visual field testing, and often an OCT scan of the optic nerve. Many opticians offer this as part of an enhanced or premium eye test package. If your optometrist identifies signs of possible glaucoma, you will be referred to a hospital eye clinic for further investigation and, if confirmed, treatment — usually daily eye drops that lower eye pressure.